περ

περ (A), enclit. Particle, adding force to the word to which it is added, prob. a shortd. form of περί (q. v.) in the sense of

A very much, however much.—Chiefly [dialect] Ep. and Lyr.; also in Trag. with relats. and parts.:

1 in Hom. freq. with Adj. and part. ὤν, ἐπεί μ' ἔτεκές γε μινυνθάδιόν π. ἐόντα all shortlived as I am, Il.1.352 ; φίλην π. ἐοῦσαν ib.587 ;

Ἰθάκης κραναῆς π. ἐούσης 3.201

: mostly concessive like καίπερ (q. v.), ἀγαθός π. ἐών however brave thou art, 1.131, al.;

κρατερός π. ἐών 15.164

;

κύνεός π. ἐών 9.373

; δουρικτητήν π. ἐοῦσαν ib.343;

μέγαν π. ἐόντα 5.625

: so in Trag.,

ἄελπτά π. ὄντα A.Supp.55

(lyr.);

γενναῖός π. ὤν S.Ph.1068

: with a Subst.,

ἀλόχῳ π. ἐούσῃ Il.1.546

;

γυνή π. οὖσα A.Th.1043

: with Adj. and Subst.,

λιγύς π. ἐὼν ἀγορητής Il.2.246

: with καί preceding,

καὶ κρατερός π. ἐών 15.195

, etc.: with the part. ὤν omitted, φράδμων π. ἀνήρ however shrewd, 16.638;

κρατερός π. 21.63

; χερείονά π. 17.539 ; καὶ θεός π. A.Ag.1203, cf. 1084 : with parts., ἱεμένων π. however eager, Il.17.292 ; καὶ ἀχνύμενός π. ἑταίρου grieved though he was for . . , 8.125.

2 intens., ἐλεεινότερός π. more pitiable by far, 24.504 ; μίνυνθά π. for a very little, 1.416, 13.573 ; ὀλίγον π. 11.391 ; πρῶτόν π. first of all, 14.295 ; ὑστάτιόν π. 8.353 ; ὀψέ π. Pi.N.3.80 : to strengthen a negation, οὐδὲ . . π. not even, not at all,

οὐδ' ὑμῖν ποταμός π. ἐΰρροος ἀρκέσει Il.21.130

, cf. 8.201, 11.841, 21.410, Od.1.59, 3.236 ;

μή ποτε καὶ σὺ γυναικί π. ἤπιος εἶναι 11.441

; ἢν μή π. Hdt.6.57.

3 to give emphasis,

ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοί π. πονεώμεθα Il.10.70

;

ἡμεῖς δ' αὐτοί π. φραζώμεθα 17.712

;

σθένος ἀνέρος ἀμφότεροί π. σχῶμεν 21.308

: esp. at any rate, τιμήν π. μοι ὄφελλεν ἐλλυαλίξαι honour (whatever else) he owed me, 1.353, cf. 2.236, 17.121,239 ;

τόδε π. μοι ἐπικρήηνον ἐέλδωρ 8.242

: in imper. clauses with the pers. Pron., ἀλλὰ σύ π. μιν τῖσον at all events, 1.508 : in the apodosis of a conditional sentence,

εἰ δέ τοι Ἀτρεΐδης μὲν ἀπήχθετο . . , σὺ δ' ἄλλους π. . . ἐλέαιρε 9.301

, cf. 11.796, 12.349.

II after Conjs. and relat. words, with which it commonly coalesces:

1 after hypothetical Conjs., v. εἴπερ.

2 after temporal Conjs., ὅτε π. just when, Il.4.259, 5.802, etc.; ἦμος . . π. 11.86; ὅταν π. S.OC301, etc.; πρίν π. before even, Il.15.588.

3 after causal Conjs., v. ἐπείπερ, ἐπειδήπερ ; δι' ὅ τι π. just because, Hdt.4.186.

4 after relats., v. ὅσπερ, οἷός περ, ὅσοσπερ, ἔνθαπερ, ὅθιπερ, οὗπερ, ᾗπερ, ὥσπερ.

5 after the comp. particle, v. ἤπερ, ἠέπερ.

6 after καί, v. καίπερ.

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περ (B), [dialect] Aeol. for περί.